European Union law
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| Published: | Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2023, © 2023 |
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| Persons: | , |
| Format: | Book / Printed Book |
| Language: | English |
| Edition: | Fourth edition |
| Physical description: | cxxvii, 936 Seiten : Illustrationen, Karten |
| Item Description: |
Literaturangaben |
| ISBN: | 9780192863836 |
| Classification - More hits on the same topic: | EG: V Cac = Länder: Europäische Union: Europarecht: Gesamtdarstellung in englischer Sprache. |
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Barnard, Catherine <<[HerausgeberIn]>> European Union law edited by Catherine Barnard and Steve Peers Fourth edition Oxford Oxford University Press 2023 © 2023, 2023 cxxvii, 936 Seiten : Illustrationen, Karten Aufsatzsammlung Peers, Steve <<[HerausgeberIn]>> Literaturangaben Erscheint auch als (Online-Ausgabe): European Union law https://aleph.mpg.de:443/F?func=service&doc_library=VRH01&local_base=VRH01&doc_number=001129835&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA ToC Völkerrecht Heidelberg VIEW |
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Barnard, Catherine <<[HerausgeberIn]>> |
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Barnard, Catherine <<[HerausgeberIn]>> European Union law |
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Barnard, Catherine <<[HerausgeberIn]>> Barnard, Catherine <<[HerausgeberIn]>> Peers, Steve <<[HerausgeberIn]>> |
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| title |
European Union law |
| title_short |
European Union law |
| title_full |
European Union law edited by Catherine Barnard and Steve Peers |
| title_fullStr |
European Union law edited by Catherine Barnard and Steve Peers |
| title_full_unstemmed |
European Union law edited by Catherine Barnard and Steve Peers |
| title_alt |
European Union law |
| title_sort |
european union law edited by catherine barnard and steve peers |
| publisher |
Oxford University Press |
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2023 |
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cxxvii, 936 Seiten : Illustrationen, Karten |
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Fourth edition |
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DETAILED CONTENTS NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS TABLE OF LEGISLATION TABLE OF CASES 1 INTRODUCTION 1 INTRODUCTION 2 THE DEVELOPMENT OF EU LAW 3 THEMES 3.1 INPUT LEGITIMACY 3.2 OUTPUT LEGITIMACY 4 CONCLUSION 2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE EU 1 INTRODUCTION 2 NATIONALISM AND THE ORIGINS OF THE EU 3 FROMECSCTOEEC 3.1 EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY: ECSC 3.2 EUROPEAN DEFENCE COMMUNITY AND EUROPEAN POLITICAL COMMUNITY: EDC AND EPC 3.3 EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY: EEC 4 FROM EEC TO THE SINGLE EUROPEAN ACT 4.1 TENSIONS WITHIN THE COMMUNITY 4.2 SINGLE EUROPEAN ACT: SEA 5 FROM THE SEA TO THE NICE TREATY 5.1 MAASTRICHT TREATY: THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION 5.2 TREATY OF AMSTERDAM 5.3 TREATY OF NICE 5.4 CHARTER OF RIGHTS 6 FROM NICE TO LISBON 6.1 THE LAEKEN DECLARATION 6.2 CONSTITUTIONAL TREATY 6.3 LISBON TREATY 7 RECENT CHALLENGES FOR THE EU 7.1 THE FINANCIAL CRISIS 7.2 BREXIT 7.3 MIGRATION CRISIS 7.4 'RULE OF LAW' CRISIS 7.5 PANDEMIC CRISIS XXII XXIV XXIX IXI 1 1 2 5 5 6 8 10 10 13 14 14 14 15 17 17 19 21 21 23 |
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(Online-Ausgabe): European Union law 8 a9780192863836 3 a9780192863836 aEG: V Cac aEG: V Cac aEuroparecht: Gesamtdarstellung in englischer Sprache. aEG: V Cac uhttps://aleph.mpg.de:443/F?func=service&doc_library=VRH01&local_base=VRH01&doc_number=001129835&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA 3ToC mVölkerrecht Heidelberg zVIEW aDETAILED CONTENTS NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS TABLE OF LEGISLATION TABLE OF CASES 1 INTRODUCTION 1 INTRODUCTION 2 THE DEVELOPMENT OF EU LAW 3 THEMES 3.1 INPUT LEGITIMACY 3.2 OUTPUT LEGITIMACY 4 CONCLUSION 2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE EU 1 INTRODUCTION 2 NATIONALISM AND THE ORIGINS OF THE EU 3 FROMECSCTOEEC 3.1 EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY: ECSC 3.2 EUROPEAN DEFENCE COMMUNITY AND EUROPEAN POLITICAL COMMUNITY: EDC AND EPC 3.3 EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY: EEC 4 FROM EEC TO THE SINGLE EUROPEAN ACT 4.1 TENSIONS WITHIN THE COMMUNITY 4.2 SINGLE EUROPEAN ACT: SEA 5 FROM THE SEA TO THE NICE TREATY 5.1 MAASTRICHT TREATY: THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION 5.2 TREATY OF AMSTERDAM 5.3 TREATY OF NICE 5.4 CHARTER OF RIGHTS 6 FROM NICE TO LISBON 6.1 THE LAEKEN DECLARATION 6.2 CONSTITUTIONAL TREATY 6.3 LISBON TREATY 7 RECENT CHALLENGES FOR THE EU 7.1 THE FINANCIAL CRISIS 7.2 BREXIT 7.3 MIGRATION CRISIS 7.4 'RULE OF LAW' CRISIS 7.5 PANDEMIC CRISIS XXII XXIV XXIX IXI 1 1 2 5 5 6 8 10 10 13 14 14 14 15 17 17 19 21 21 23 25 26 26 26 27 28 31 31 32 33 34 34 DETAILED VIII 8 THEORIES OF INTEGRATION 35 8.1 NEOFUNCTIONALISM 35 8.2 LIBERAL INTERGOVERNMENTALISM 36 8.3 MULTI-LEVEL GOVERNANCE 36 8.4 RATIONAL CHOICE INSTITUTIONALISM 37 8.5 CONSTRUCTIVISM 37 9 CONCLUSION 38 FURTHER READING 39 3 THE EU'S POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS 40 1 INTRODUCTION 40 2 THE CONCEPT OF REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY 41 2.1 REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY AND THE EU 42 3 COMMISSION 44 3.1 INTRODUCTION 44 3.2 COMPOSITION 44 3.3 POWERS 49 3.4 FUNCTIONING 51 4 EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 51 4.1 INTRODUCTION 51 4.2 COMPOSITION 52 4.3 POWERS 54 4.4 FUNCTIONING 57 5 COUNCIL 58 5.1 INTRODUCTION 58 5.2 COMPOSITION 58 5.3 POWERS 59 5.4 FUNCTIONING 60 6 EUROPEAN COUNCIL 67 6.1 INTRODUCTION 67 6.2 COMPOSITION 67 6.3 POWERS 69 6.4 FUNCTIONING 72 7 TRANSPARENCY OF THE EU'S POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS 72 8 CONCLUSION 73 FURTHER READING 74 CHAPTER ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 74 4 CONSTITUTIONALISM AND THE EUROPEAN UNION 75 a1 INTRODUCTION: CONSTITUTIONALISM(S) 75 2 FORMAL CONSTITUTIONALISM: CONTESTED PRIMACY 76 2.1 LEGAL PRIMACY: TWO PERSPECTIVES 7 2.2 CONTESTED HIERARCHIES: FEDERALISM AND CONSTITUTIONAL PLURALISM 80 3 DEMOCRATIC CONSTITUTIONALISM I: POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY 81 3.1 UNITARY CONSTITUTIONALISM:'WE, THE PEOPLE' 3.2 FEDERAL CONSTITUTIONALISM: "WE, THE PEOPLES' 83 DETAILED CONTENTS YY* 4 DEMOCRATIC CONSTITUTIONALISM II: POPULAR REPRESENTATION 84 4.1 DEMOCRATIC LEGITIMACY AND THE UNION LEGISLATURE 85 4.2 DEMOCRATIC LEGITIMACY AND THE UNION EXECUTIVE 88 5 LIBERAL CONSTITUTIONALISM I: SEPARATION OF POWERS 90 5.1 THE 'CLASSIC' SEPARATION OF POWERS PRINCIPLE(S) 90 5.2 SEPARATING 'POWERS' IN THE EU 92 6 LIBERAL CONSTITUTIONALISM II: FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS 95 6.1 FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AS'GENERAL PRINCIPLES' 96 6.2 THE EU CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS 97 7 CONCLUSION 98 FURTHER READING 99 5 LEGISLATING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION 1 00 1 INTRODUCTION 100 2 FORMS OF LEGISLATIVE AND OTHER NORMATIVE ACTS 102 2.1 REGULATIONS 103 2.2 DIRECTIVES 103 2.3 'RULE-MAKING DECISIONS' 105 2.4 INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS 105 2.5 INTERINSTITUTIONAL AGREEMENTS 105 2.6 RECOMMENDATIONS, OPINIONS, AND OTHER NON-BINDING ACTS 106 3 HIERARCHY OF NORMS 107 4 COMPETENCES AND CONFERRAL 108 4.1 'COMPETENCE'AS ABILITY AND'COMPETENCE'AS POWER 108 4.2 CONFERRAL 109 4.3 GRANTS OF LEGISLATIVE POWER ('LEGAL BASES') 110 4.4 CLASSIFICATION OF COMPETENCES 112 5 SUBSIDIARITY 115 5.1 THE SUBSIDIARITY TEST 116 5.2 PROTOCOL NO 2: THE'EARLY WARNING MECHANISM' 117 5.3 SCOPE OF THE EARLY WARNING MECHANISM 118 5.4 JUDICIAL REVIEW OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE SUBSIDIARITY TEST 120 6 PROPORTIONALITY 121 7 LEGISLATIVE AND OTHER DECISION-MAKING PROCEDURES 124 7.1 LEGISLATIVE AND ASSIMILATED PROCEDURES 125 7.2 SPECIAL LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURES 128 7.3 INNOMINATE NON-LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURES (INPS) 128 7.4 CONSULTATION AND ASSIMILATED REQUIREMENTS 130 a8 DELEGATED AND IMPLEMENTING ACTS 130 8.1 DELEGATED ACTS 131 8.2 IMPLEMENTING ACTS 133 8.3 BORDERLINE BETWEEN DELEGATED AND IMPLEMENTING ACTS 137 9 ENHANCED COOPERATION 141 10 TREATY REVISION 142 10.1 ORDINARY REVISION PROCEDURES 142 10.2 SIMPLIFIED REVISION PROCEDURES 142 10.3 ACCESSION AND WITHDRAWAL 144 DETAILED CONTENTS 11 THE DEMOCRATIC CREDENTIALS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 14S 11.1 CASE LAW ORIGINS 145 11.2 REFORM OF DECISION-MAKING PROCEDURES AND PRINCIPLES 1 4 6 11.3 TREATY PROVISIONS ON DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES 146 12 CONCLUSION: UNION LAW AND UNION POLITICS 1 4 8 FURTHER READING 150 6 THE EFFECTS OF EU LAW IN THE NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEMS 1 51 1 INTRODUCTION 151 2 EU LAW IN THE MEMBER STATES: INSTITUTIONS, PROCEDURES, PRINCIPLES 152 2.1 NATIONAL RULES, UNLESS... 154 2.2 THE NOT-SO-AUTONOMOUS NATIONAL PROCEDURAL AUTONOMY -|5 5 2.3 FROM EQUIVALENCE/EFFECTIVENESS TO THE PRINCIPLE OF EFFECTIVE JUDICIAL PROTECTION 155 3 WITHIN THE SCOPE OF EU LAW? 1 5 7 4 DIRECT EFFECT 160 4.1 VAN GEND EN LOOS 1 GN 4.2 THE CONDITIONS AND THE REAL TEST -| Q 4.3 DIRECT EFFECT IN ACTION 153 4.4 DIFFERENTIATION I: TYPES OF LEGAL ACTS 154 4.5 DIFFERENTIATION II: TYPES OF LEGAL RELATIONSHIP 166 4.6 NO HORIZONTAL DIRECT EFFECT OF DIRECTIVES: THE RULE AND THE EXCEPTIONS 168 5 INDIRECT EFFECT 171 5.1 THE NOTION 172 5.2 THE SCOPE I73 5.3 INTERPRETATION UNBOUNDED? 174 5.4 INTRODUCING SOME LIMITS 176 6 PRIMACY 177 6.1 THE COURTS VIEW 177 6.2 THE NATIONAL VIEWS 181 7 STATE LIABILITY 185 8 CONNECTINGTHE DOTS: THE INTERPLAY OF THE DIFFERENT PRINCIPLES 186 9 CONCLUSION 189 FURTHER READING 190 7 EU LAW: IS IT INTERNATIONAL LAW? 192 1 INTRODUCTION 192 2 EU LAW AS A SUB-SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 193 2.1 THE EU AS AN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION? 193 2.2 THE INTERNATIONAL ORIGINS OF THE EUROPEAN INTEGRATION PROCESS 194 2.3 THE LATER EVOLUTION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES AND THE EUROPEAN UNION 196 3 THE SPECIFIC FEATURES OF EU LAW 200 3.1 THE INCOMPARABILITY OF THE EU'S LEGAL FEATURES 201 a3.2 THE PRIMACY OF EU LAW, A FEDERAL CHARACTERISTIC? 2 0 3 3.3 FINDING A NAME TO DESCRIBE THE EU'S SPECIFICITY 2 0 5 3.4 THE CONSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE ON EU LAW 2 0 7 DETAILED CONTENTS XI 4 THE EU AS OBJECT AND SUBJECT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 208 5 CONCLUSION 210 FURTHER READING 211 8 GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF EU LAW AND EU ADMINISTRATIVE LAW 212 1 INTRODUCTION 212 2 ORGANIZATIONAL LEVELS AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS IN IMPLEMENTING EU LAW 213 2.1 CONFERRAL OF POWERS ON THE UNION 213 2.2 IMPLEMENTATION OF EU LAW BY THE MEMBER STATES 214 2.3 DELEGATION OF POWERS WITHIN THE UNION 217 3 CRITERIA FOR LEGALITY 219 3.1 PROPORTIONALITY 219 3.2 RULE OF LAW: TRANSPARENCY, LEGALITY, LEGAL CERTAINTY, LEGITIMATE EXPECTATIONS 222 3.3 GOOD ADMINISTRATION 227 3.4 INFORMATION-RELATED RIGHTS: FREEDOM OF INFORMATION AND DATA PROTECTION 232 3.5 THE RIGHT TO AN EFFECTIVE JUDICIAL REMEDY AND ADDITIONAL RIGHTS OF DEFENCE 233 4 CONCLUSION 240 FURTHER READING 241 9 FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION 242 1 INTRODUCTION 242 2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CASE LAW 243 2.1 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CASE LAW OF THE COURT OF JUSTICE 244 3 THE RESPONSE OF THE POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS: FROM THE 1977 DECLARATION TO THE LISBON TREATY 246 3.1 ARTICLE 7 TEU AND THE RULE OF LAW CRISIS 248 4 THE CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS 253 4.1 THE STRUCTURE OF THE CHARTER 254 4.2 THE SUBSTANTIVE PROVISIONS OF THE CHARTER 254 4.3 THE HORIZONTAL PROVISIONS 257 5 THE EU AND THE ECHR 269 5.1 BACKGROUND TO ACCESSION 270 5.2 EU ACCESSION TO THE ECHR 275 5.3 ACCESSION, CFSP, AND THE SPECIAL NATURE OF EU LAW 279 5.4 INTER-STATE LITIGATION AND PROTOCOL 16 281 6 CONCLUSION 281 FURTHER READING 283 10 JUDICIAL PROTECTION AND EU REMEDIES 284 1 INTRODUCTION 284 2 THE STRUCTURE AND JURISDICTION OF THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AT A GLANCE 285 3 DIRECT ACTIONS 289 3.1 INFRINGEMENT PROCEEDINGS 290 3.2 THE ACTION FOR ANNULMENT 295 X FI DETAILED CONTENTS 3.3 THE ACTION FOR FAILURE TO ACT 314 a3.4 THE PLEA OF ILLEGALITY 315 3.5 THE ACTION FOR DAMAGES 316 4 PRELIMINARY REFERENCES 318 4.1 WHAT CONSTITUTES A 'COURT OR TRIBUNAL OF A MEMBER STATE? 319 4.2 TYPES OF PRELIMINARY REFERENCES: REFERENCES ON THE INTERPRETATION AND REFERENCES ON THE VALIDITY OF EU LAW 32FJ 4.3 DISCRETION TO REFER AND LIMITS TO THIS DISCRETION 323 4.4 THE DUTY TO REFER AND THE EXCEPTIONS TO THIS DUTY 325 4.5 EFFECTS OF A PRELIMINARY RULING 326 5 INTERIM RELIEF 327 6 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE TREATY REMEDIES 328 7 CONCLUSION 333 FURTHER READING 334 CHAPTER ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 335 11 THE INTERNAL MARKET AND THE PHILOSOPHIES OF MARKET INTEGRATION 336 1 INTRODUCTION 336 2 THE NATURE OF THE INTERNAL MARKET: THREE MODELS 337 2.1 THREE MODELS OF MARKET INTEGRATION 338 2.2 THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE DIFFERENT MODELS 338 3 THE NATURE OF THE INTERNAL MARKET: THE HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE 343 3.1 THE COMMON MARKET 343 3.2 THE SINGLE MARKET 345 3.3 ECONOMIC UNION? 349 4 THE LAW OF THE INTERNAL MARKET: THE POWER TO HARMONIZE 355 4.1 THE POWER 356 4.2 THE EXCEPTIONS 361 5 THE LAW OF THE INTERNAL MARKET: THE TYPES OF HARMONIZATION 362 6 CONCLUSION 364 FURTHER READING 364 12 FREE MOVEMENT OF GOODS 366 1 INTRODUCTION 366 2 THE CUSTOMS UNION 367 2.1 THE CONCEPT OF A CUSTOMS UNION 367 2.2 GOODS ORIGINATING IN A MEMBER STATE AND GOODS IN FREE CIRCULATION 368 3 THE MEANING OF'GOODS' 369 4 NATIONALITY AND RESIDENCE 370 5 CUSTOMS DUTIES AND CHARGES OF EQUIVALENT EFFECT 370 5.1 CUSTOMS DUTIES 370 5.2 CHARGES OF EQUIVALENT EFFECT 370 5.3 PERMISSIBLE CHARGES 372 5.4 CHARGES IMPOSED AT THE INTERNAL BOUNDARIES OF MEMBER STATES 372 5.5 REMEDIES 373 DETAILED CONTENTS XIII 6 QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS AND MEASURES OF EQUIVALENT EFFECT 373 6.1 QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTION: IMPORTS AND EXPORTS 373 6.2 MEASURES OF EQUIVALENT EFFECT: IMPORTS 374 6.3 MEASURES OF EQUIVALENT EFFECT: EXPORTS 382 6.4 PURELY NATIONAL MEASURES 384 6.5 JUSTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 36 AND THE MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS 384 6.6 REMEDIES 390 a7 DISCRIMINATORY OR PROTECTIVE INTERNAL TAXATION 390 7.1 ARTICLE 110(1 )TFEU 391 7.2 ARTICLE 110(2) TFEU: COMPETING PRODUCTS 393 7.3 THE HOLISTIC APPROACH TO ARTICLE 110 TFEU 394 7.4 LEGITIMATE DIFFERENTIATION/JUSTIFICATION 394 7.5 REMEDIES 395 8 THE BOUNDARIES BETWEEN THE PROVISIONS ON FREE MOVEMENT OF GOODS 395 8.1 THE TWO DANISH CARSJUDGMENTS 396 8.2 CEES AND DISCRIMINATORY INTERNAL TAXATION 396 8.3 WHAT IF THERE ARE TWO DISTINCT, BUT CLOSELY LINKED MEASURES? 397 9 CONCLUSION 398 FURTHER READING 398 CHAPTER ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 399 13 FREE MOVEMENT OF NATURAL PERSONS AND CITIZENSHIP OF THE UNION 400 1 INTRODUCTION 400 2 DOES EU LAW APPLY AT ALL? 403 2.1 INTRODUCTION 403 2.2 EU NATIONALITY 404 2.3 THE INTERSTATE ELEMENT 405 2.4 ECONOMIC ACTIVITY 407 3 WHICH TREATY PROVISION IS ENGAGED? 407 3.1 FREE MOVEMENT OF WORKERS 408 3.2 ESTABLISHMENT 409 3.3 SERVICES 410 3.4 UNION CITIZENS 411 4 DOES THE EU MEASURE APPLY TO THIS PARTICULAR PERSON OR ENTITY? 412 5 WHAT RIGHTS DO MIGRANTS ENJOY? 413 5.1 INTRODUCTION 413 5.2 THE RIGHT OF RESIDENCE FOR EU MIGRANTS AND THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS, AND THE PRINCIPLE OF EQUAL TREATMENT 413 5.3 OTHER RIGHTS SPECIFICALLY ATTACHED TO EU CITIZENS QUA CITIZENS 423 6 WHAT RULES/PRACTICES ARE PROHIBITED BY THE TREATY? 427 6.1 INTRODUCTION 427 6.2 THE SHIFT TO MARKET ACCESS 428 6.3 THE ADVANTAGE OF THE MARKET ACCESS APPROACH 431 6.4 THE CRITICISMS OF THE MARKET ACCESS APPROACH 431 6.5 THE RESPONSE TO THE CRITICISMS 432 7 DEROGATIONS AND JUSTIFICATIONS 433 7.1 EXPRESS DEROGATIONS 433 7.2 PUBLIC INTEREST JUSTIFICATIONS 436 X I V DETAILED CONTENTS 8 EFFECT OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND PROPORTIONALITY 4 3 6 9 CONCLUSION 437 FURTHER READING 438 14 FREE MOVEMENT OF LEGAL PERSONS AND THE PROVISION OF SERVICES 4 4 0 1 INTRODUCTION 440 2 THE TREATY REQUIREMENTS 441 2.1 INTRODUCTION 441 2.2 WHICH PROVISION OF THE TREATY IS ENGAGED? 442 2.3 WHO/WHAT ARE THE SUBJECTS OF ARTICLES 49 AND 56 TFEU? 449 2.4 HAS NATIONAL LAW INFRINGED THE TREATY PROVISION? 450 a2.5 CAN THAT BREACH BE JUSTIFIED AND ARE THE STEPS TAKEN PROPORTIONATE? 457 3 SECONDARY LEGISLATION IN THE FIELD OF FREEDOM OF ESTABLISHMENT AND THE FREE MOVEMENT OF SERVICES 462 3.1 INTRODUCTION 462 3.2 THE SERVICES DIRECTIVE 2006/123 462 3.3 EU COMPANY LAW 469 3.4 THE DIGITAL SINGLE MARKET 477 4 CONCLUSION 480 FURTHER READING 481 CHAPTER ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 481 15 FREE MOVEMENT OF CAPITAL 482 1 INTRODUCTION 482 2 THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND ITS ORIGINS 483 2.1 THE EVOLUTION OF THE ORIGINAL RULES ON CAPITAL 483 2.2 OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT PROVISIONS 485 3 MATERIAL SCOPE OF THE CAPITAL RULES 486 3.1 DEFINING CAPITAL 486 3.2 RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER TREATY FREEDOMS 487 4 PERSONAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL SCOPE OF THE CAPITAL RULES 491 4.1 AGAINST WHOM CAN THE CAPITAL RULES BE INVOKED? 491 4.2 WHEN CAN AN EU NATIONAL INVOKE THE CAPITAL RULES AGAINST THEIR OWN MEMBER STATE? 492 4.3 THIRD COUNTRIES 493 5 RESTRICTIONS 495 5.1 EQUAL TREATMENT AND NON-DISCRIMINATION 495 5.2 WHAT CONSTITUTES A RESTRICTION? 496 6 EXCEPTIONS AND JUSTIFICATIONS 498 6.1 TREATY-BASED LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS 498 6.2 JUSTIFYING RESTRICTIONS 501 6.3 PROCEDURAL REQUIREMENTS APPLIED TO JUSTIFICATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS 507 6.4 THE LIMITS OF RESTRICTIONS 508 7 CONCLUSION 512 FURTHER READING 512 CHAPTER ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 512 DETAILED CONTENTS XV 16 EXCEPTIONS TO THE FREE MOVEMENT RULES 513 1 INTRODUCTION 513 2 THE TREATY FRAMEWORK: DEROGATIONS 514 2.1 THE ROLE OF DEROGATION AND THE BROADER LEGAL FRAMEWORK 514 2.2 DEROGATION AND EU LEGISLATION 515 2.3 TREATY-BASED DEROGATION GROUNDS 516 3 THE JUSTIFICATION FRAMEWORK: PUBLIC INTEREST REQUIREMENTS 519 3.1 FROM 'MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS' TO 'OVERRIDING REQUIREMENTS IN THE PUBLIC INTEREST' 519 3.2 DISCRIMINATORY AND NON-DISCRIMINATORY RESTRICTIONS 521 4 APPLICATION OF THE DEROGATION AND JUSTIFICATION FRAMEWORKS 523 4.1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES 523 4.2 THE JURISDICTION OF THE COURT OF JUSTICE 528 4.3 THE BURDEN AND STANDARD OF PROOF 529 a4.4 FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AS LIMITS TO FREE MOVEMENT 530 5 PROPORTIONALITY 533 5.1 OVERVIEW OF THE PROPORTIONALITY TEST 533 5.2 APPROPRIATENESS 535 5.3 NECESSITY 535 5.4 PROPORTIONALITY AS A TOOL FOR MEDIATING PUBLIC INTEREST 535 6 DEROGATING FROM THE FREE MOVEMENT OF PERSONS 538 6.1 EXPULSION AND DIRECTIVE 2004/38: GENERAL PRINCIPLES 538 6.2 EXPULSION ON ECONOMIC GROUNDS 542 7 CONCLUSION 543 FURTHER READING 544 17 COMPETITION LAW 545 1 INTRODUCTION 545 2 OVERVIEW OF EU COMPETITION LAW 546 2.1 EU COMPETITION LAW 546 2.2 OBJECTIVES OF EU COMPETITION LAW 547 3 ENFORCEMENT AND CONSEQUENCES OF INFRINGEMENT 549 3.1 ENFORCEMENT BY THE COMMISSION AND NCAS 549 3.2 PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT THROUGH CIVIL LITIGATION IN THE NATIONAL COURTS 550 3.3 THE CONSISTENT ENFORCEMENT OF ARTICLES 101 AND 102 IN THE EU? 551 4 WHO DO ARTICLES 101 AND 102 TFEU APPLY TO AND WHEN DO THEY APPLY? 552 4.1 UNDERTAKINGS 552 4.2 MAY (APPRECIABLY) AFFECT TRADE BETWEEN MEMBER STATES 554 4.3 EXCLUSIONS 555 5 IDENTIFYING ANTICOMPETITIVE AGREEMENTS AND CONDUCT 556 5.1 THE USE OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 556 5.2 FORM AND EFFECTS: TYPE 1 AND TYPE 2 ERRORS 557 6 ARTICLE 101 TFEU 558 6.1 INTRODUCTION 558 6.2 AGREEMENTS, CONCERTED PRACTICES, AND DECISIONS 559 6.3 IDENTIFYING WHICH AGREEMENTS INFRINGE ARTICLE 101 TFEU 561 OT . DETAILED CONTENTS 7 ARTICLE 102 TFEU 570 7.1 INTRODUCTION 570 7.2 DOMINANCE 570 7.3 IDENTIFYING CONDUCT WHICH INFRINGES ARTICLE 102 573 8 CONCLUSION 581 FURTHER READING 582 18 EU LAW ON STATE AID AND PUBLIC PROCUREMENT 5 83 1 INTRODUCTION 583 2 THE POLICY ISSUES 584 2.1 THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE IN ECONOMIC INTEGRATION/STATE INTERVENTION IN THE ECONOMY 584 2.2 THE NEED TO MONITOR GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE 585 3 STATE AID 586 3.1 INTRODUCTION 586 3.2 GENERAL PROHIBITION 586 3.3 EXCEPTIONS, AND BLOCK EXEMPTION REGULATIONS 592 3.4 ENFORCEMENT AND COMPLIANCE WITH STATE AID RULES 595 3.5 SUMMARY 596 4 PUBLIC PROCUREMENT RULES 598 4.1 GENERAL RULES 599 4.2 INTERACTION WITH STATE AID RULES 600 a5 CONCLUSION 601 FURTHER READING 602 19 ECONOMIC AND MONETARY UNION 603 1 INTRODUCTION 603 2 HISTORY AND DESIGN OF EMU 604 3 THE STABILITY AND GROWTH PACT AND MEASURES OF COORDINATION BEFORE THE CRISIS 606 4 THE EURO AREA CRISIS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO EMU 607 5 ADDRESSING THE CRISIS 610 5.1 STABILIZATION: THE ECB AND BAILOUTS 611 5.2 BUDGETARY AND ECONOMIC COORDINATION MEASURES 617 5.3 FINANCIAL REGULATION AND BANKING UNION 620 6 THE FUTURE OF EMU 621 6.1 DEMOCRATIC LEGITIMACY 625 6.2 'RESERVED DOMAINS'AND THE DISAPPEARING STATE 626 7 CONCLUSION 628 FURTHER READING 629 20 LABOUR AND EQUALITY LAW 630 1 INTRODUCTION 630 2 THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND EVOLUTION OF EU LABOUR AND EQUALITY LAW 631 2.1 THE EVOLUTION OF EU LABOUR AND EQUALITY LAW AND TREATY DEVELOPMENTS 631 2.2 LAW-MAKING AND LEGAL SOURCES IN EU LABOUR AND EQUALITY LAW 633 2.3 THE CHARTER OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE CONSTITUTIONALIZATION OF EU LABOUR AND EQUALITY LAW 6 3 5 DETAILED CONTENTS XVII 3 LABOUR LAW 636 3.1 RESTRUCTURING OF ENTERPRISES AND INFORMATION, CONSULTATION, AND WORKER PARTICIPATION 636 3.2 FREEDOM TO PROVIDE SERVICES, FREEDOM OF ESTABLISHMENT, AND NATIONAL COLLECTIVE LABOUR LAW 640 3.3 FLEXIBLE WORK AND WORKING CONDITIONS 645 3.4 EU AND NATIONAL LABOUR LAW IN TIMES OF CRISIS 649 4 EQUALITY LAW 650 4.1 INTRODUCTION TO EQUALITY LAW 650 4.2 GENDER EQUALITY 652 4.3 COMPREHENSIVE EQUALITY AND PROTECTION AGAINST DISCRIMINATION ON OTHER GROUNDS 657 5 CONCLUSION 660 FURTHER READING 661 21 EU HEALTH LAW 662 1 INTRODUCTION 662 2 PATIENT MOBILITY 663 2.1 MIGRANT WORKERS: COORDINATION OF HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS 663 2.2 FREEDOM TO RECEIVE HEALTH CARE SERVICES 664 2.3 THE'PATIENTS'RIGHTS DIRECTIVE' 669 3 HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS 671 3.1 THE'SECTORAL'APPROACH 672 3.2 THE GENERAL'APPROACH 672 3.3 CONCERNS ABOUT EU LAW ON HEALTH PROFESSIONALS 674 4 HEALTH CARE INSTITUTIONS 675 4.1 FREEDOM OF ESTABLISHMENT/FREEDOM TO PROVIDE SERVICES 676 a4.2 COMPETITION LAW 677 4.3 ASSESSMENT 677 5 MEDICAL DEVICES AND PHARMACEUTICAL 679 5.1 MEDICAL DEVICES 680 5.2 PHARMACEUTICALS 680 6 BLOOD, ORGANS, AND HUMAN TISSUE 683 6.1 PATIENT SAFETY 683 6.2 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 684 7 PUBLIC HEALTH 685 8 GLOBAL CONTEXTS 688 8.1 HEALTH THROUGH THE COMMON COMMERCIAL POLICY 688 8.2 HEALTH THROUGH DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION 689 9 CONCLUSION 690 FURTHER READING 691 22 ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 692 1 INTRODUCTION 692 2 THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK 693 2.1 EVOLUTION OF EU ENVIRONMENTAL LAW 693 2.2 OBJECTIVES OF EU ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY 700 DETAILED CONTENTS 2.3 PRINCIPLES OF EU ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ' 702 2.4 ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRATION 705 2.5 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 706 3 NATURE PROTECTION 706 3.1 THE WILD BIRDS DIRECTIVE 707 3.2 THE HABITATS DIRECTIVE 708 4 WATER 711 4.1 THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 712 4.2 THE COMMON IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY 713 5 CLIMATE CHANGE 716 5.1 AN OVERVIEW OF EU CLIMATE LAW 717 5.2 KEY COMPONENTS OF EU CLIMATE LAW 718 5.3 INTERNATIONAL REACH OF EU CLIMATE LAW 719 6 CONCLUSION 721 FURTHER READING 722 23 EUROPEAN CONSUMER LAW 723 1 INTRODUCTION 723 2 THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF EU LAW ON NATIONAL CONSUMER PROTECTION RULES 725 3 CONSUMER PROTECTION AND THE INTERNAL MARKET 726 3.1 LEGAL BASIS 726 3.2 EU CONSUMER LAW AS A DRIVER FOR GREATER CROSS-BORDER TRADE 727 3.3 LEGISLATIVE APPROACH 729 4 INFORMATION POLICY AND UNFAIR COMMERCIAL PRACTICES 729 4.1 INFORMATION OBLIGATIONS 730 4.2 INFORMATION AND BEHAVIOURAL ECONOMICS 731 5 RIGHT OF WITHDRAWAL 732 5.1 JUSTIFICATION 732 5.2 HARMONIZATION 732 5.3 EFFECTIVE CONSUMER PROTECTION? 733 6 RULES ESTABLISHING CONSUMER EXPECTATIONS 734 7 PRODUCT SAFETY 735 7.1 PUBLIC LAW CONTROL AND CONSUMER PROTECTION 735 7.2 GENERAL PRODUCT SAFETY DIRECTIVE 735 8 PRODUCT LIABILITY 736 9 UNFAIR TERMS 737 10 SALE OF GOODS 739 11 GENERAL COMMENTS ON SUBSTANTIVE RIGHTS 740 11.1 GOODS AND SERVICES 740 11.2 GENERAL STANDARDS 741 11.3 CHANNELLING OF LIABILITY 742 11.4 MINIMUM CONTENT 743 a11.5 EXTENT OF HARMONIZATION 744 12 ENFORCEMENT AND REDRESS 744 12.1 METHODS OF ENFORCEMENT 745 12.2 ACCESS TOJUSTICE 746 DETAILED CONTENTS XIX 12.3 ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION 747 12.4 COLLECTIVE REDRESS 747 13 CONCLUSION 747 FURTHER READING 748 24 EU CRIMINAL LAW 749 1 INTRODUCTION 749 2 WHAT IS EU CRIMINAL LAW? 750 2.1 WHY DOES EU CRIMINAL LAW EXIST? 750 2.2 TENSIONS 752 2.3 EVOLUTION AND SOURCES 754 3 ORGANS 759 3.1 OLAF 759 3.2 EUROPOL 761 3.3 EUROJUST 762 3.4 THE EUROPEAN PUBLIC PROSECUTOR'S OFFICE 763 4 COOPERATION BETWEEN LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES 766 5 FROM MUTUAL LEGAL ASSISTANCE TO MUTUAL RECOGNITION (AND BACK?) 768 5.1 MUTUAL RECOGNITION AND CRIMINAL LAW 768 5.2 THE EUROPEAN ARREST WARRANT: ITS ORIGINS, AND ITS MAIN FEATURES 769 5.3 CRITICISMS OF THE EAW 770 5.4 THE EUROPEAN INVESTIGATION ORDER 774 5.5 ADDENDUM: THE EFFECT OF BREXIT 775 6 HARMONIZATION OF SUBSTANTIVE CRIMINAL LAW 776 7 HARMONIZATION OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE 778 8 CONCLUSION 781 FURTHER READING 782 25 IMMIGRATION AND ASYLUM 783 1 INTRODUCTION 783 2 THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK 783 2.1 PRIOR TO THE TREATY OF AMSTERDAM 784 2.2 THE TREATY OF AMSTERDAM 785 2.3 THE TREATY OF LISBON 786 3 VISAS AND BORDER CONTROL 786 3.1 OVERVIEW AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK 786 3.2 BORDER CONTROLS 787 3.3 VISA POLICY 788 4 IRREGULAR MIGRATION 789 4.1 OVERVIEW AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK 789 4.2 ADOPTED LEGISLATION 791 5 LEGAL MIGRATION 795 5.1 OVERVIEW AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK 795 5.2 LEGISLATION 795 5.3 CASE LAW 796 XX 6 ASYLUM 799 6.1 OVERVIEW AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK 7 99 6.2 QUALIFICATION FOR INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION 8 0 1 6.3 RECEPTION CONDITIONS FOR ASYLUM SEEKERS 803 6.4 ASYLUM PROCEDURES 803 6.5 RESPONSIBILITY FOR APPLICATIONS 804 7 CONCLUSION 805 FURTHER READING 805 26 EU EXTERNAL ACTION 807 1 INTRODUCTION 807 2 THE FOUNDATIONS OF EU EXTERNAL ACTION 809 2.1 IN SEARCH OF CONSISTENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS 809 2.2 THE PRINCIPLE OF CONFERRAL 809 2.3 THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN ORDINARY EU EXTERNAL ACTION AND THE CFSP 810 2.4 THE CFSP 811 a2.5 THE COMMON PRINCIPLES AND OBJECTIVES OF EU EXTERNAL ACTION 813 3 THE EXISTENCE OF EU EXTERNAL COMPETENCES 814 3.1 THE FUNDAMENTALS 814 3.2 IMPLIED COMPETENCES 815 4 THE NATURE OF EU EXTERNAL COMPETENCES 817 4.1 THE FUNDAMENTALS 817 4.2 EXCLUSIVE EXTERNAL COMPETENCE ON THE BASIS OF ARTICLE 3(2) TFEU 818 4.3 CONSEQUENCES OF EXCLUSIVE COMPETENCE 823 4.4 NON-EXCLUSIVE COMPETENCES 825 5 DECISION-MAKING IN EU EXTERNAL ACTION 828 5.1 THE ORDINARY UNION METHOD 828 5.2 THE CFSP 831 5.3 THE HIGH REPRESENTATIVE AND THE EUROPEAN EXTERNAL ACTION SERVICE 838 6 EXTERNAL REPRESENTATION AND INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS 839 6.1 EXTERNAL REPRESENTATION 839 6.2 INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS 841 7 MANAGING THE VERTICAL DIVISION OF EU EXTERNAL COMPETENCES 848 7.1 MIXED AGREEMENTS 848 7.2 SINCERE COOPERATION 852 8 MANAGINGTHE HORIZONTAL DIVISION OF EU EXTERNAL COMPETENCES 859 8.1 PRE-LISBON 859 8.2 POST-LISBON 860 9 CONCLUSION 862 FURTHER READING 863 27 BREXIT: THE LEGAL DIMENSION 865 1 INTRODUCTION 865 2 WITHDRAWING FROM THE EU PRE-LISBON 865 2.1 PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW 865 2.2 THE EUROPEAN UNION 867 DETAILED CONTENTS XXI 3 ARTICLE 50 TEU: THE DECISION TO WITHDRAW 869 3.1 MUST ARTICLE 50 BE USED TO WITHDRAW? 869 3.2 'CONSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS' 870 3.3 NOTIFYING THE DECISION 872 3.4 HAD A DECISION BEEN TAKEN? 873 3.5 THE TIMING OF NOTIFICATION 874 3.6 CAN NOTIFICATION BE WITHDRAWN? 875 4 ARTICLE 50: WITHDRAWAL NEGOTIATIONS 877 4.1 THE ARTICLE 50 PROCESS 877 4.2 EXTENDING MEMBERSHIP 883 4.3 THE WITHDRAWAL AGREEMENT 884 5 AFTER BREXIT 888 5.1 TRADE AND COOPERATION AGREEMENT 888 5.2 OTHER ISSUES 892 6 CONCLUSION 894 FURTHER READING 895 INDEX 897 aVRH50 bMPVRH cInstitutsbibliothek dEG: V Cac: 231/4 eavailable tVerfügbar f1 g0 hN i5 jBIB ki |