Academic Journal
Highly Effective Protocol for Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPS) into Melanin-Producing Cells
| Title: | Highly Effective Protocol for Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPS) into Melanin-Producing Cells |
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| Authors: | Sułkowski, Maciej, Kot, Marta, Badyra, Bogna, Paluszkiewicz, Anna, Płonka, Przemysław M., Sarna, Michał, Michalczyk-Wetula, Dominika, Zucca, Fabio A., Zecca, Luigi, Majka, Marcin |
| Superior Title: | Int J Mol Sci |
| Publisher Information: | MDPI |
| Publication Year: | 2021 |
| Collection: | PubMed Central (PMC) |
| Subject Terms: | Article |
| Description: | Melanin is a black/brown pigment present in abundance in human skin. Its main function is photo-protection of underlying tissues from harmful UV light. Natural sources of isolated human melanin are limited; thus, in vitro cultures of human cells may be a promising source of human melanin. Here, we present an innovative in vitro differentiation protocol of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) into melanin-producing cells, delivering highly pigmented cells in quantity and quality incomparably higher than any other methods previously described. Pigmented cells constitute over 90% of a terminally differentiated population and exhibit features characteristic for melanocytes, i.e., expression of specific markers such as MITF-M (microphthalmia-associated transcription factor isoform M), TRP-1 (tyrosinase-related protein 1), and TYR (tyrosinase) and accumulation of black pigment in organelles closely resembling melanosomes. Black pigment is unambiguously identified as melanin with features corresponding to those of melanin produced by typical melanocytes. The advantage of our method is that it does not require any sophisticated procedures and can be conducted in standard laboratory conditions. Moreover, our protocol is highly reproducible and optimized to generate high-purity melanin-producing cells from iPS cells; thus, it can serve as an unlimited source of human melanin for modeling human skin diseases. We speculate that FGF-8 might play an important role during differentiation processes toward pigmented cells. |
| Document Type: | text |
| Language: | English |
| Relation: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657900/; http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312787 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijms222312787 |
| Availability: | https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312787 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657900/ |
| Rights: | © 2021 by the authors. ; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| Accession Number: | edsbas.D85FCF4E |
| Database: | BASE |
| Description not available. |