Academic Journal
The complex structure of Fomes fomentarius represents an architectural design for high-performance ultralightweight materials
| Title: | The complex structure of Fomes fomentarius represents an architectural design for high-performance ultralightweight materials |
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| Authors: | Pylkkänen, Robert, Werner, Daniel, Bishoyi, Ajit, Weil, Dominik, Scoppola, Ernesto, Wagermaier, Wolfgang, Safeer, Adil, Bahri, Salima, Baldus, Marc, Paananen, Arja, Penttilä, Merja, Szilvay, Géza R., Mohammadi, Pezhman |
| Superior Title: | Sci Adv |
| Publisher Information: | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
| Publication Year: | 2023 |
| Collection: | PubMed Central (PMC) |
| Subject Terms: | Physical and Materials Sciences |
| Description: | High strength, hardness, and fracture toughness are mechanical properties that are not commonly associated with the fleshy body of a fungus. Here, we show with detailed structural, chemical, and mechanical characterization that Fomes fomentarius is an exception, and its architectural design is a source of inspiration for an emerging class of ultralightweight high-performance materials. Our findings reveal that F. fomentarius is a functionally graded material with three distinct layers that undergo multiscale hierarchical self-assembly. Mycelium is the primary component in all layers. However, in each layer, mycelium exhibits a very distinct microstructure with unique preferential orientation, aspect ratio, density, and branch length. We also show that an extracellular matrix acts as a reinforcing adhesive that differs in each layer in terms of quantity, polymeric content, and interconnectivity. These findings demonstrate how the synergistic interplay of the aforementioned features results in distinct mechanical properties for each layer. |
| Document Type: | text |
| Language: | English |
| Relation: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9946349/; http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ade5417 |
| DOI: | 10.1126/sciadv.ade5417 |
| Availability: | https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ade5417 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9946349/ |
| Rights: | Copyright © 2023 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). ; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Accession Number: | edsbas.1A85C08C |
| Database: | BASE |
| Description not available. |