Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
Design and performance of hybrid constructed wetland systems for high-content wastewater treatment in the cold climate of Hokkaido, northern Japan. |
| Authors: |
Kato, K.1 katokuni@affrc.go.jp, Inoue, T.2, Ietsugu, H.2, Sasaki, H.3, Harada, J.2, Kitagawa, K.4, Sharma, P. K.5 |
| Superior Title: |
Water Science & Technology. 2013, Vol. 68 Issue 7, p1468-1476. 9p. |
| Subject Terms: |
*WASTEWATER treatment, *WETLANDS, *CLIMATOLOGY, *FLUID foods, *SWINE farms, *ANIMAL waste |
| Abstract: |
The performance of six multistage hybrid constructed wetland systems was evaluated. The systems were designed to treat four kinds of high-content wastewater: dairy wastewater (three systems, average inflow content 2,400-5,000 mg COD -1 ,3-6 years of operation); pig farm wastewater, including liquid food washing wastewater (one system, 9,500 mg COD-1 , 3 years); potato starch processing wastewater (one system, 20,000-60,000 mg COD-1 , 3 years); and wastewater containing pig farm swine urine (one system, 6,600 mg COD-1 ,2.8 years) (COD ¼ chemical oxygen demand). The systems contained three or four vertical (V) flow beds with self-priming siphons and surface partitions and no or one horizontal (H) flow bed (three to five beds). In some V flow beds, treated effluents were recirculated (Vr) through the inlet to improve performance. Mean annual temperature was 5-8 WC at all locations. To overcome clogging due to the high load in a cold climate, we applied a safety bypass structure and floating cover material to the V flow beds. Calculated average oxygen transfer rates (OTRs) increased proportionally with the influent load, and the OTR value was Vr>V> H. The relations of load-OTR, COD-ammonium, and a Arrhenius temperature dependent equation enable the basic design of a reed bed system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: |
Academic Search Premier |
